乌连颗粒剂对细菌性犊牛腹泻的临床疗效观察

根据细菌性犊牛腹泻的临床诊断标准,选取典型阳性病例1 18头,用于观察乌连颗粒剂对犊牛腹泻的疗效作用。结果表明,乌连颗粒剂高剂量组（75g/kg体重）、中剂量组（50g/kg体重）、低剂量组（25g/kg体重）及环丙沙星注射液对照组（1mL/kg体重）对细菌性犊牛腹泻的治疗有效率分别为92.30%、82.12%、73.68%、88.89%,与阳性对照组（不给药）均差异极显著（P〈0.01）;治愈率分别为88.46%、75.00%、63.15%、81.48%。说明乌连颗粒剂对细菌性犊牛腹泻具有良好的治疗效果。     

阿胶泡腾颗粒对小鼠免疫功能的影响

研究了阿胶泡腾颗粒对小鼠免疫功能的影响.通过免疫器官重量法,考察了阿胶泡腾颗粒对小鼠中枢免疫器官和外周免疫器官发育的影响;通过碳廓清试验,考察了阿胶泡腾颗粒对巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响;通过迟发型变态反应试验,考察了阿胶泡腾颗粒对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响.结果表明,阿胶泡腾颗粒能增加免疫抑制小鼠的脾脏、胸腺指数,与空白对照组...     

HPLC波长切换法结合化学计量学对不同厂家四黄止痢颗粒中5种成分的比较分析

建立一种四黄止痢颗粒中(R,S)-告依春、黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱、甘草酸铵、大黄素5个指标性成分的HPLC测定方法,同时结合化学计量学评价四黄止痢颗粒的质量。采用Inertsil ODS-3-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈(A)-0.3%三氟乙酸水溶液(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1 mL·min^-1,柱温30℃;采用波长切换检测(0~10 min,245 nm测定(R,S)-告依春;10~22 min,278 nm测定黄芩苷;22~25 min,266 nm测定盐酸小檗碱;25~30 min,249 nm测定甘草酸铵;30~45 min,254 nm测定大黄素)。采用聚类分析、偏最小二乘判别分析等方法对不同厂家的四黄止痢颗粒进行质量评价。(R,S)-告依春、黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱、甘草酸铵、大黄素5个指标性成分在45 min内能够达到完全分离,进样浓度分别在0.071~0.71μg·mL^-1、14.03~140.3μg·mL^-1、3.11~31.1μg·mL^-1、0.116~1.16μg·mL^-1、0.0049~0.049μg·mL^-1范围内线性关系良好;平均加样回收率分别为102.7%、99.3%、101.1%、98.0%、97.3%。20批四黄止痢颗粒聚为4类;小檗碱、(R,S)-告依春和大黄素是影响不同厂家四黄止痢颗粒质量贡献较大的3种成分。该方法稳定性好,重复性好,精密度高,可用于四黄止痢颗粒中5种指标成分的同时测定。     

清热养胃颗粒的成型工艺研究

优选清热养胃颗粒剂的成型工艺。在吸湿性研究的基础上,用正交试验法优选制粒工艺条件。最佳制粒工艺条件为:浸膏粉与混合辅料的配比为3∶7,用70%乙醇为润湿剂制颗粒,乙醇的用量为浸膏粉的5%。优选出的制剂成型工艺科学合理,所制的颗粒质量较好,成型率较高。     

星点设计-效应面法优化连翘颗粒剂的制备工艺研究

试验以药用糊精含量、乙醇浓度、干燥温度为主要影响因素,以最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为评价指标,用星点设计-效应面法选择制备工艺的最佳条件。结果表明,连翘颗粒剂的最佳制备工艺条件为:药用糊精含量67.03%,乙醇含量72.91%,干燥温度35.94℃,3个参数为自变量的二次回归模型方程为R1=0.010-1.914.10-3×A+2.288.10-4×B+2.288.10-4×C-1.172.10-3×A×B+1.953.10-3×A×C-3.906.10-4×B×C-4.374.10-4×A2+6.675.10-4×B2-1.542.10-3×C2,利用以上最优工艺,生产三批产品并测定MIC值,均为0.00625μg.mL-1。以上结果显示,用星点设计-效应面法优选连翘颗粒剂的制备工艺方法简便,预测性好。     

ZPXG-18型转盘斜刮式自动光电数粒仪和千粒重仪的设计

依据新发现的使粒料自动排序和隔距的转盘斜刮原理,设计和研制了ZPXG-18型转盘斜刮式自动光电数粒仪和千粒重仪。让无序的粒料或种粒进入有斜槽和弧槽的槽盘中,在底部转盘带动下被斜刮而移行、自动整齐排序和产生粒间距,获得光电计数所需的可靠透光间隙,并通过预置和复检二次计数实施数粒。试验表明：(1)每轮预置计数误差数小于1~2粒,而复检计数与实际粒数的误差率小于0.04%;(2)计数速度可达50 粒·s-1;(3)颗粒适用范围0.5~18.0 mm;(4)试验中未发现供试颗粒破损现象;(5)结构简单可靠,无电磁振动噪声等;(6)其原理还可以应用或开发一些既要精准计数又需防止颗粒破损的数粒设备和机械。     

灭蚊幼球形芽孢杆菌漂浮颗粒剂研制与应用

根据蚊虫的生活习性和球形芽孢杆菌BS-10灭蚊特点,以玉米棒芯颗粒为载体、以球型芽胞杆菌BS-10为杀虫活性物质,加工制成生物灭蚊漂浮颗粒剂新剂型,经试验与示范应用,该颗粒剂具有高效,毒力效价达106.5 IU／mg,每平方米水面使用颗粒剂2 g,对蚊幼虫(孑孓)杀灭效果达95%以上;持效期长,药后12 d,灭蚊效果达96.8%;性质稳定,室内常温储存1 a,药效无变化;生产工艺简单,药剂使用方便,与环境相容性好。     

15%毒死蜱颗粒剂配方及小试工艺探索

通过试验筛选出15%毒死蜱颗粒剂的优选配方及小试工艺。采用浸渍法工艺,分别探索天然载体和人工挤压造粒载体,制备高含量的缓释型颗粒剂产品的优选配方及小试工艺条件。产品质量稳定合格,颗粒流动性好,热贮(54±2℃,14d)分解率≤5%,破碎率≤10%,配方对载体材料的适应性良好,可满足不同生产成本及缓释用途的用药需求。     

Methods of adding micronutrients to a NPK formulation and maize development

Micronutrients are essential for plant development; however, micronutrient content in soil often is not sufficient. This study compared availability of boron (B), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) in the soil and their effect in developing maize plants, supplied from a physical mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) granules and micronutrients or from a granulated mixture of NPK coated with these micronutrients. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, with a Rhodic Acrustox soil and the formulation 4-30-10 [nitrogen-phosphorus pentoxide-potassium oxide (N-P₂O₅-K₂O)] with 0.1% B, 0.2% Cu, 0.2% Mn, and 0.3% Zn. A randomized block design with four replicates was used and the NPK formula doses used were 0, 150, 300, 600, 1200, and 2400 kg/ha. Coated NPK increased Zn levels in soil in 0.5 mg/dm³ in relation to its initial content, also causing an increase in plant dry matter. Compared with mixture, this increase was more than three times greater. Cu and Zn accumulation and Zn absorption were greater when their supply was made via coated granules. The larger dose of B via coated granules resulted in a greater B accumulation in comparison to the mixture. No differences were observed for the other variables when comparing both sources. Coating NPK granules with micronutrients was better than the mixture when comparing B, Cu, and Zn concentrations in the soil. Dry matter production of maize shoots and the accumulation of B, Mn, Cu, and Zn in it was greater when the fertilizer was coated with micronutrients.     

DMPP硝化抑制效果受其浓度、施用方式及土壤基质势的影响

The efficacy of nitrification inhibitors depends on soil properties and environmental conditions. The nitrification inhibitor 3.4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate （DMPP） was investigated in a sandy loam and a loamy soil to study its effectiveness as influenced by inhibitor concentration, application form, and soil matric potential. DMPP was applied with concentrations up to 34.6 mg DMPP kg^-1 soil as solution or as ammonium-sulfate/ammonium-nitrate granules formulated with DMPP. DMPP inhibited the oxidation of ammonium in both soils, but this effect was more pronounced in the sandy loam than in the loamy soil. When applied as solution, increasing DMPP concentrations up to 7 mg DMPP kg^-1 soil had no influence on the inhibition. The effectiveness of DMPP formulated as fertilizer granules was superior to the liquid application of DMPP and NH4^＋, particularly in the loamy soil. Without DMPP, a decline in soil matric potential down to -600 kPa decreased nitrification in both soils, but this effect was more pronounced in the sandy loam than in the loamy soil. DMPP was most effective in the sandy loam particularly under conditions of higher soil moisture, i.e., under conditions favorable for nitrate leaching.